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Below is the text from our online Forum on February 28, 2002. Please visit hireRx often for important topics and career opportunities in healthcare, pharmaceuticals and biotechnology.
 
The Topics: How to begin a career in pharmaceutical sales? What is the career path of a pharmaceutical sales representative? How do I differentiate myself from others in the field?
 
The Panel: Jane Williams, Author, Insider's Guide to the World of Pharmaceutical Sales; Peter Boomer, Pharmaceutical Sales Representative for Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals
 
Questions and Responses to Answers (from oldest to newest).
 
From Moderator in Massachusetts: Welcome to our live online forum! Thank you joining us and our experts in pharmaceutical sales. We are excited to continue to bring you the latest topics in pharmaceutical sales.

Please bookmark http://sales.hirerx.com and check back often for new resources and career opportunities. Jane and Peter do you have any opening comments?
 
Jane: Pharmaceutical selling was a thrilling experience for me! It takes selling skills, tenacity, extensive product knowledge, and excellent "people" skills to get the job done. Pharmaceutical selling is challenging and extremely rewarding. The monetary rewards are well worth the effort alone, but the personal rewards are beyond price! I could never place a price tag on how it feels to know that I have helped people who suffer and long for hope and a good outcome to their illness and an end to their pain. Together, my pharmaceutical company employer and I provided necessary information and support, in the form of studies and product information to physicians, and this influenced their choice of treatment modalities for their patients. In this way, I did my part to alleviate suffering.

Pharmaceutical selling is not "just a job". Pharmaceutical sales is a rewarding career that demands the very best from the sales representative. By writing the "Insider's Guide to the World of Pharmaceutical Sales", I feel that I am once again doing my part to help alleviate pain and suffering. This time I am doing it indirectly by helping the best pharmaceutical sales candidates gain positions in this worthy profession and teaching them how to be the very best pharmaceutical sales representatives that they can be after they win the position.
 
Peter: I'm excited to be here! As Jane mentioned, pharmaceutical sales is a great career choice and I'm lucky to be doing what I'm doing. Not many jobs give you the opportunity to interact with medical professionals, make great money, and get the outstanding perks!

I'm hopeful my little piece of advice and experience in the industry can help the hireRx audience! So let's get started!
 
From Anonymous in Massachusetts: Do you have to have a medical background to get into pharmaceutical sales, or is sales experience alone enough?
 
Jane: No. You do not have to have a medical background to gain a pharmaceutical sales position. You must have a four-year college degree. That's the one basic requirement that you must have in order to apply for a pharmaceutical sales position. This career is unique in that the many thousands of pharmaceutical sales representatives have every different four-year college degree and almost every type of work experience imaginable or no previous work experience. That leaves this career choice open to anyone who aspires to be the best pharmaceutical sales representative that they can be!
 
From DannyL in Louisiana: What pharmaceutical companies traditionally pay the most in salary + bonus?
 
Jane: Pharmaceutical companies are masters at knowing their competition! In this instance, the competition would be all other pharmaceutical companies. Because no one wants to lose out on the possibility of getting the best hires, they make sure that the total compensation is comparable among all pharmaceutical companies. If one company offers a slightly lower starting base, you can be sure that the bonus/commission pay out will be higher than the company offering the higher starting base. The result is that the total starting compensation is approximately $50,000 plus another $20,000 plus in additional benefits such as the very popular company car.
 
Peter: Most of the companies have a set range they will pay based on experience. When you are entering into the field you will find most of the companies are pretty similar in their overall compensation. Be careful about looking only for a company that will pay you the most. Look at companies who have a strong R&D pipeline because that will allow the company and your career to grow…
 
From Nathan in Utah: I have been trying to break into the pharmaceutical sales industry for several months. I have applied on-line for positions with various companies, read books, and tried to work through contacts currently working in the industry. Unfortunately, I have not had much success – perhaps the economy and my area (Utah) are working against me. I am willing to relocate, however.

I really don’t need another book to read on interviewing or how to find contact, I just need good contacts and some interviews, can you help?
 
Jane: It is certainly possible that there just aren't many openings in your area. However, if you have networked correctly then you have made good contacts. You have made good contacts only if you have had personal meetings with pharmaceutical sales representatives; pharmaceutical sales company representatives, or physicians. If you failed to get a field preceptorship and/or an interview out of the contact then you have failed to sell yourself to the contact. Interviews are granted when you make good contacts and sell yourself to that contact. If the book you bought didn't give detailed instructions on how to network, you've obviously bought the wrong book. If the information in the book you purchased is adequate or excellent, then you have to evaluate yourself and your performance to find your weaknesses so that you can improve your performance. No one can "give you" good contacts and interviews. You have to apply yourself and get these contacts and interviews. Selling yourself to a pharmaceutical sales representative, pharmaceutical company representative, or physician in order to get an interview with the district manager is the first sales test. If you fail that one, you won't make it to the "real" interviews and you are eliminated from the competition. If you really want a pharmaceutical sales job, you have to decide to do whatever it takes to get it the job. That means you must prepare properly and prepare fully. Being considered for positions that allow relocation comes after you impress the district manager with your fantastic performance during an interview.
 
Peter: Ask yourself why do you want to get into pharmaceutical sales? Talk to people who are currently in the industry to find out more about the positions. You also may want to gain additional sales experience.
 
From Kjones in Michigan: What pointers can the panel offer to a seasoned sales professional who is trying to transition into the pharmaceutical sales industry? How can I get my resume noticed in a flooded job market?
 
Jane: First of all, experienced gained as a sales professional in another field does not transfer equally to a pharmaceutical sales career field. The type of sales experience being compared matters. If someone has sold something successfully, then that is a good indication that the person might be able to sell pharmaceuticals. The seasoned sales professional will need to approach this industry the same way a new college graduate does. Create a career comparison document. This will be needed during interviews. The seasoned sales professional should also learn everything he/she can about the pharmaceutical sales job and how it is performed. He must also learn everything he can about pharmaceutical sales interview questions. These questions are not the average interview questions. Even the questions that are "common" must be answered from a pharmaceutical sales perspective. Knowing pharmaceutical facts and figures is nice to know information, but that won't help you win a position. You need inside information and must get it somewhere in order to have a chance at gaining a position in this very competitive field.
 
Peter: Submit your resume to web sites and recruiters who are focused on the pharmaceutical industry.

I always recommend talking to people in the industry about their job and if possible try to spend the day in the field to see if this is the right job for you. Also, go to a doctor’s office and ask the staff what they like in the reps that call on them. This will show a prospective employer you’re desire and initiative.
 
From lpuitz in Florida: I am trying to enter the pharmaceutical sales business. I have posted my resume on different email sites and applied online to open positions. What else can I do to attain my first job as a pharmaceutical sales rep? Are there any other recommendations you have to get my resume to the HR dept.'s in these companies?
 
Peter: Pharmaceutical sales reps are usually hired by the local sales manager. The HR dept. gets involved once an official offer for employment has been made. Make some contacts with reps in your area as they may be able to assist you in your search. You are most likely slowing down the process by contacting the HR department directly.
 
From Doyle in Texas: I'm changing careers and believe my sales experience, personality and maturity lend themselves to a career in medical sales. I've submitted resumes in many different places on the web, yet have secured only one face-to-face interview.

What is a more efficient way to increase my chances for an interview? I would like to submit my resume directly to the HR Manager, or DSM, of specific companies in my region of the country.

How can I find out the contact names in my area and what is the most effective way to accomplish securing an interview?
 
Jane: Question#1: What is a more efficient way to increase my chances for an interview?

Answer: Eliminate most of your competition! When you apply for positions that have been advertised either on the web or in newspapers, your résumé will be one of thousands submitted by people just like you who are seeking a pharmaceutical sales position. Your best chance for gaining an interview and limiting your competition is through networking with pharmaceutical sales representatives or working with a pharmaceutical sales recruiter.

Question#2: How can I find out the contact names in my area?

Answer: The contact names you seek are the names of pharmaceutical sales representative working in your area. You can acquire these names through pharmacists, physicians, nurses, hospital technicians, pharmaceutical representative societies, etc.

Question#3: I would like to submit my resume directly to the HR Manager, or DSM, of specific companies in my region of the country.

Answer: Except in rare instances where a district manager directs resumes from newspaper job listings to go directly to him/her, you are very unlikely to be allowed to send your résumé directly to the district manager. Why? District managers are busy people. They do not have time to read hundreds or thousands of resumes. Normally, computers or human resources personnel screen resumes. This allows the district manager to look at the best résumés.

Question#4: What is the most effective way to accomplish securing an interview?

Answer (2 parts):
1. Network with pharmaceutical sales representatives. District managers prefer interviewing people who have impressed their representatives. In other words, they prefer to interview people who have already passed the screening interview that you receive when you succeed in getting a pharmaceutical sales representative to grant you a personal meeting. The pharmaceutical sales representative knows company policy, philosophy, and culture. The representative also knows his/her district manager and his personality and managing style. This knowledge helps the pharmaceutical sales representative select the best candidate to refer to his/her district manager. The representative will receive a bonus as well as high marks for finding a good hire. The Insider's Guide to the World of Pharmaceutical Sales explains in detail how to persuade a pharmaceutical sales representative to meet with you and how to "sell" him/her on you.

2. Work with a pharmaceutical sales recruiter. Your competition will be greater when working with a recruiter than it is when going directly to a pharmaceutical sales representative but you will have much less competition with a recruiter than you will replying to national pharmaceutical sales ads. The recruiter will normally select the top three people and then send those people to the pharmaceutical company district manager for interviews. If none of the people are acceptable to the district manager, the process will start over.
 
Peter: Whenever possible submit your resume directly to the local Sales Manager as he/she will be a part of the hiring process. The process usually consists of at least two interviews with the hiring manager, a field ride and a final meeting with a regional director. The HR department usually doesn’t get involved until a job offer is made.
 
From jenk in Pennsylvania: I've been an educator for eight years. What can a teacher do to enter into the Pharmaceutical industry?
 
Peter: You may need to have some experience in sales before entering into Pharmaceuticals. You'll need to demonstrate how your current work experience is transferable into a sales position. Determine what you bring to the table and how your skills can benefit the company you want to work for.
 
Jane: A teacher would approach a pharmaceutical sales career the same way any other potential candidate would. The teacher would network with pharmaceutical sales representatives, work with pharmaceutical sales recruiters, and apply for advertised positions. The teacher would need to study pharmaceutical sales questions and answers as any other candidate would. I believe the underlying question here is the same one that so many people have.

Can someone who holds a degree in education apply for a pharmaceutical sales position and actually be considered? Absolutely! Any four-year degree is acceptable. Pharmaceutical sales is a very unique career in that people with every type of four-year degree and every type of work experience are eligible to apply for and win a pharmaceutical sales position. Why? Why will pharmaceutical companies hire English majors over Biology majors at times? A science background is great, but the name of this game is SALES! One can have all the knowledge in the world about pharmacology and not be able to sell. The pharmaceutical representative must be an intelligent individual, with the right personality, in order to succeed in a very competitive industry. That leaves the field wide open to all college graduates!
 
From Judy in Ohio: I have a Nursing degree and extensive clinical background, but have limited sales experience. How do I overcome my limited sales background and get noticed?
 
Peter: Ask yourself why you want to get into pharmaceuticals. That will be one of the first questions asked in an interview. Focus on a company which sells a product for a disease state in which you have experience. This will be a positive because your knowledge will be an asset.
 
Jane: Make the most of your education and experience! You have the same opportunity that anyone does to gain a pharmaceutical sales position. Preparation is the key. Network and prepare to answer the pharmaceutical sales interview questions. You can highlight the areas of nursing that can be applied to a pharmaceutical sales career such as: Your extensive experience communicating with physicians and other members of the medical community and your medical background.

You must sell yourself by making the most of your special knowledge. Nurses make great pharmaceutical sales representatives. Additionally, there are specialty sales positions available within the pharmaceutical sales industry that are geared toward nurses. Your clinical experience could help you win one of these positions!
 
From Shannon in Arizona: Is it possible to be a pharmaceutical sales rep on a part time basis? And if it is where is the best avenue to look for this type of position?
 
Jane: Yes, it is possible to be hired as a part time pharmaceutical sales representative. Apply to Contract Sales Organizations to gain these part-time positions. These positions are also called "flex" representative positions. The Contract Sales Organizations or CSOs supplement pharmaceutical company sales forces by providing temporary and part-time pharmaceutical sales representatives when needed. When would extra sales representatives be needed? Extra sales representatives are often needed during new product launches, times of accelerated industry growth, and for meeting product budgets. Contract Sales Organizations are listed along with contact information in The Insider's Guide to the World of Pharmaceutical Sales.
 
Peter: Several contract sales organizations will offer a part-time pharmaceutical sales position. Contract Sales Organizations are also an opportunity to gain pharmaceutical sales experience.
 
From Anonymous in Massachusetts: I have 3 years sales experience, 7 months pharmaceutical research experience, and a biology degree. I've sent in numerous resumes online and haven't heard back from anyone. Is submitting a resume online the way to go or are there better ways to break into pharmaceutical sales? Is it just a matter of knowing the right people? Also, a job recruiter said that there are pharmaceutical sales recruiting conventions held locally where you could submit your resumes to different companies, how do I find out about this?
 
Jane: Question 1: Is submitting a resume online the way to go or are there better ways to break into pharmaceutical sales? Is it just a matter of knowing the right people?

Answer: While you may get lucky and gain an interview by applying online there are definitely easier ways to break into pharmaceutical sales.

When you apply for positions that have been advertised either on the web or in newspapers, your résumé will be one of thousands submitted by people just like you who are seeking a pharmaceutical sales position. If your résumé is well written and your qualifications are the best then you have a chance of gaining an interview by applying online. Most people will have the same basic qualifications on paper or will appear equally qualified. This makes it very difficult to distinguish oneself from hundreds and thousands of other applicants. Your best chance for gaining an interview and limiting your competition is through networking with pharmaceutical sales representatives. The right people to know are the pharmaceutical sales representatives.

Question 2: Also, a job recruiter said that there are pharmaceutical sales recruiting conventions held locally where you could submit your resumes to different companies, how do I find out about this?

Answer: The recruiter is correct. Pharmaceutical companies will place ads in local newspapers advertising a job fair. Sometimes, a local company will host the job fair or business and many different types of companies will be present soliciting applications for various jobs. There may be one or more pharmaceutical companies present. The participating companies will be listed on the job fair ad.

Going to job fairs and applying for positions is an excellent opportunity to gain an interview. At local job fairs you will not have as much competition as you will at national job sites. When you attend, just be certain that you dress like a pharmaceutical sales representative in a conservative suit and have at least ten unfolded copies of your résumé to pass out prior to and during interviews. Have at least three copies of your matching list of references with you as well. You may interview several times with several different people from the same pharmaceutical company in one day. You must be prepared to answer questions! Study pharmaceutical sales questions and answers. You should practice selling products. Rehearse in front of a mirror and record your performance on videotape if possible. Research the pharmaceutical companies and know the names of their major products and the product indications. The worst-case scenario would be that you received some very good practice interviewing, but did not get chosen for a position.
 
Peter: Working with an online service focused on the industry you want to get into is the right start. Another good way to network is to submit your resume to people already in the industry. Job fairs are usually advertised in the papers and consist of all types of sales including pharmaceuticals.
 
From Anonymous in Massachusetts: What makes pharmaceutical sales so competetive?
 
Jane: The total compensation package averages $70,000 ($50,000 earnings + $20,000 benefits) for the very first year. How many entry-level positions pay that well? How many jobs offer a company car, with insurance, gas charge card and car maintenance paid? Not many! Additionally, a pharmaceutical sales career is a professional career that is admired and respected. The benefits and opportunities for advancement and self-improvement are second to none. It's a fantastic career! That's why so many people try to win a position.
 
Peter: It costs over $500 million in R&D to bring a drug to market. There are usually several drugs in a particular class and several reps from each company promoting their products. This leads to a competitive environment in which one needs to be persistent and creative to effectively influence a doctor’s prescribing habits.
 
From ToddC in Wisconsin: I interviewed with a great RM but lost out do to my experience. Even though I have a strong science background, many years of sales experience and crediblility as a fitness professional, I always get beat out by more experience. Am I wasting my time? I have been pushing hard for 11 months and have made several local contacts. Not sure what else to do.
 
Jane: First of all, you should congratulate yourself on doing a great job. Anyone who makes it to a final pharmaceutical sales interview has done an excellent job of preparing and interviewing! Now is not the time to give up on this career. Most people who gain positions do so only after they have interviewed with several companies and have been turned down by at least one company.

It is always possible but not likely that you would have to compete with someone who has pharmaceutical sales experience. Most pharmaceutical sales representatives will stay where they are because pharmaceutical companies promote from within. Sometimes increased compensation, better opportunities for advancement or a personality conflict with a manager may cause a pharmaceutical sales representative to leave one company and seek employment with another pharmaceutical company. Normally, the experienced pharmaceutical sales representative will be applying for a higher-level position such as a specialty representative position and not the entry-level pharmaceutical sales position.

You have also had to compete with people who have had more sales experience than you have. Having more sales experience isn't always a positive. Neither is having pharmaceutical sales experience always a positive. Most district managers will certainly want to know why an experienced pharmaceutical sales representative who is performing well would want to leave their position. The same is true for someone who has many years of business sales experience. Some district managers do not like to hire "experienced" sales people because they do not want to deal with people who may have selling techniques that are "different" and that may not be appropriate for a pharmaceutical selling career. The district manager wants to hire people that he/she considers "good clay" so that the person can be molded and taught to sell the way he/she wants them to sell. There are many people who have been successful at other types of sales positions and who have not fared well at all in pharmaceutical sales.

How do you compete with experienced sales people? You must prepare! I recommend that all of my customers prepare a "career comparison" document. This is a great selling tool because it allows you to compare what you do and the experience you have to the pharmaceutical sales representative's job. Next, you must "sell" yourself as the better candidate. In your situation, you must stress your ability to learn quickly, your versatility, adaptability, and your lack of poor selling habits. It really comes down to one thing. You have to perform better than your competition. Only thorough preparation, practice, and focus can accomplish that feat. Think about it. The person who wins the position is always the one who prepared and performed best!
 
Peter: The positive thing for you is that you are getting to the final interview. I would say giving up is the worst idea because you have something these people like it just seems the timing is bad. You need to determine what exactly is holding you back. Don't be afraid to ask for details on why you weren't chosen and then determine your course of action.
 
From Moderator in Massachusetts: Just an fyi: We still have a number of questions to get through before the 9:30 ending of this forum, so we're going to extend the ending time 10 or so minutes ('til 9:40 EST).

Thanks again Peter and Jane for giving your expert advice!
 
From BobFr in Georgia: Can you tell me the typical interview process at a pharmaceutical company? I've heard it's grueling. How should I prepare? What types of questions should I ask them during the interview?
 
Peter: The interview and hiring process is very complete. It can take a few weeks or longer as there are many steps. Each company does it differently but you can expect any or all of the following: Phone screening interview, several interviews with the hiring manager, a field ride with a rep, an interview with a regional director, a phone call with HR.
 
Jane: You've heard correctly! The interview process is grueling especially if you aren't prepared. The successful candidate will go through as many as five interviews of increasing difficulty before winning the position.

The answer to how to prepare and what you should ask during an interview covers chapters in my book, so I obviously can't give you a complete answer to that question here.
 
From SaliaB in New York: Can you tell me the typical promotion/career path as a pharmaceutical rep? Once I get a job, what's next?
 
Peter: Pharmaceuticals offer many different career paths for those who are interested. Many people decide to stay in a rep position and are rewarded for that decision. Many reps move onto specialty sales positions, management roles, managed care, training, product management to name a few. A growing company with a strong pipeline can offer many opportunities for those who are successful in the field.
 
Jane: The career path can be outlined briefly from the starting position.
1. Pharmaceutical Sales Representative
2. Specialty or Hospital Sales Representative
3. Pharmaceutical Field Sales Trainer, Regional, or National Trainer
4. Managed Care Representative
5. District Sales Manager
6. Regional Sales Director
7. National Sales Director

Other positions are blended in with these.
 
From KarlHu in Illinois: I've heard the job can be stressful as doctors and their offices are harsh. Once I get a job, what should I expect? What type of personality are they looking for as a pharm rep? How do I differentiate myself from the other reps?
 
Peter: It can be! a very competitive marketplace. Doctors are generally nice people however they have less time for reps than in the past. Also there are more reps in the field than at any time in history. If you know you product and the disease state well you'll be viewed as a resource for the doctor. If you don't you'll never get any time with the doctor. It takes time, creativity, and persistence to effective.
 
From Judy in Ohio: I realize that this is a difficult job market to break into and therefore having a resume that stands out and gets noticed is crucial to getting an interview. I have been in the nursing field for 12 years with much experience interacting with physicians, drug reps and pharmaceuticals. While I worked full-time as an RN, I also am a independent cosmetics consultant for the past 7 years on a part-time basis as well as selling other home and personal care products from another well known company, so I do have some outside sales experience. My question is how do I present my resume? Do I concentrate on only the sales experience first then the nursing? Also I never received any sales awards that I can brag about because I just did the selling part-time mostly because I enjoyed it. How can I compete or get noticed on my resume vs. other experienced sales people.who have awards and have been successful in prior sales careers?
 
Jane: Having twelve years of nursing experience AND sales experience is fantastic! You have wonderful experience that you can highlight. I recommend the
following:

· Use a Chronological Résumé. You have good work experience and this format allows you to highlight it. · Start with a very specific objective. Clearly state that you want the pharmaceutical sales position. Writing a long wordy objective is likely to get your résumé tossed. · Use an outline format to highlight your experience. · Highlight your sales experience first. Your nursing experience will follow. · Be certain that you use the correct keywords, such as "sales," "selling," "managed," "organized," etc. · Always use action verbs. Do not use passive verbs on your résumé. · Be descriptive and measure your accomplishments. What does this mean? State that you had a 25% (whatever the correct increase is) increase in your home care product sales rather than simply stating that you had a nice increase in your home care product sales. · Highlight the work experience that you have that can be transferred to a pharmaceutical sales career. For example, you would not need to highlight your extensive experience with giving injections. On the other hand, your management experience as a nursing supervisor would be excellent information to include. · Attempt to keep your résumé one page in length and no more than two pages. · Remember, the goal is to present your qualifications in an easy to read format that emphasizes all of your experience and skills that are transferable to a pharmaceutical sales position.

While you may not have won sales awards because you were not selling in that type of environment, you certainly have shown that you have strong organizational skills, drive, enthusiasm, energy, and a great medical background that can be utilized very well as a pharmaceutical sales professional.
 
Peter: I do not recommend putting down your sales experience because it is not a full time position. It may also scare away a hiring manager as they may feel
you won't be dedicating all your time to your job. Get a few letters of recommendation from the doctors you have worked with so you'll have something for your "Brag Book". If you have a good relationship with
some reps have them recommend you as well. This industry relies as much on relationships as it does on sales experience so demonstrating a working
relationship with physicians is an asset.
 
From jenk in Pennsylvania: What type of sales experience would you suggest would be beneficial to have in order to earn a position in the Pharmaceutical Industry?
 
: Experience in the health care field is always a positive but not required. I've seen people come from copier sales and be the best in this industry. One of
the most important things is to have documented success so a hiring manager can get a feel for your abilities. Strong references from customers and managers will also help.
 
From Moderator in Massachusetts: We have time for one more quick question from Stuart:

"I''m 47 and ready for a career move. I''m well qualified for Pharm sales. Will my age be a factor?"
 
Peter: Your experience and qualifications are what count in the end. Documented sales success is most important. Just make sure you can document everything on your resume.
 
From Moderator in Massachusetts: Well, it looks like our time is up. Jane and Peter, again thank you for offering your expertise to our users. We'll get a little plug in for Jane's book: Insider's Guide to the World of Pharmaceutical Sales by Jane Williams.

No book yet for Peter, but we'll keep an eye out :-)

Thank you everyone for joining our forum. We'll continue to bring you useful topics on pharmaceutical sales. Remember to log in often to sales.hirerx.com for useful resources.

Remember, if you didn't take notes, you'll be able to see the entire transcript of this forum at hireRx on Monday (3/4/2002).

Signing off!


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